The macula occupies the smallest surface in the eye, but one can say that it is crucial for our precise sight. Macule is small and very sensitive, and as a part of retina it is responsible for the central vision. Its diameter is about 5 mm. In the very center of macula are located the fovea and foveola which contain a high concentration of photoreceptors, that are very active when absorbing the light.
Macular function
The macula is in charge of the central vision during the process of observing details, figures/characters, while reading and writing.
It has been given that name “yellow dot” due to a high pigmentation (zeaxanthin and lutein), which is why it absorbs UV rays and blue rays. Its shape is oval and it’s situated in the very center of retina.